Volume 8, Issue 2 (Journal of Clinical and Basic Research (JCBR) 2024)
jcbr 2024, 8(2): 20-23 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Hameed A A, Kudalkar U N, Madhale N R. Supracondylar process of the humerus - A Morphometric Study. jcbr 2024; 8 (2) :20-23
URL: http://jcbr.goums.ac.ir/article-1-443-en.html
URL: http://jcbr.goums.ac.ir/article-1-443-en.html
1- Department of Anatomy, Goa Medical College & Hospital, Bambolim, Goa, India , aliahameedmbbs@gmail.com
2- Department of Anatomy, Goa Medical College & Hospital, Bambolim, Goa, India
2- Department of Anatomy, Goa Medical College & Hospital, Bambolim, Goa, India
Abstract: (732 Views)
Background: The supracondylar process of the humerus, also referred to as the supra-epitrochlear process or supracondylar spur, is a bony protrusion resembling a beak that emerges from the anteromedial surface. It signifies the residual remains of a complete osseous bridge observed in climbing animals. The process is a rare anatomical variation connected inferiorly to the medial epicondyle of the humerus by the ligament of Struthers. Typically presenting unilaterally and located 5-7 cm superior to the medial epicondyle, the supracondylar process holds clinical importance due to its passage it forms with the humerus and the ligament of Struthers. This passage accommodates the median nerve and brachial artery, which may become compressed, leading to neurovascular impingement. The associated symptoms of this compression are exacerbated during hyperextension or pronation of the elbow.
Methods: A total of 83 dried humeri were examined at the Department of Anatomy, Goa Medical College, Bambolim, Goa, India. The distal parts of the humeri were assessed for any bony protrusions under daylight conditions. Upon discovery, their dimensions were documented and captured in photographs.
Results: Among the 83 dried humeri scrutinized, only one right-sided humerus exhibited an osseous spine on the anteromedial surface. The incidence calculated in this investigation was 1.2%.
Conclusion: The supracondylar process has garnered greater attention from anatomists and anthropologists due to its possible implications for the origins and relationships of human races, rather than from clinicians, many of whom are unaware of its infrequent occurrence. The present study, focusing on the Indian population in Goa, reports an incidence of 1.2%, which is relatively high compared to other Indian studies. This data highlights the diversity in the occurrence of the supracondylar process across different ethnic and regional groups, suggesting possible genetic and environmental factors influencing its prevalence.
Methods: A total of 83 dried humeri were examined at the Department of Anatomy, Goa Medical College, Bambolim, Goa, India. The distal parts of the humeri were assessed for any bony protrusions under daylight conditions. Upon discovery, their dimensions were documented and captured in photographs.
Results: Among the 83 dried humeri scrutinized, only one right-sided humerus exhibited an osseous spine on the anteromedial surface. The incidence calculated in this investigation was 1.2%.
Conclusion: The supracondylar process has garnered greater attention from anatomists and anthropologists due to its possible implications for the origins and relationships of human races, rather than from clinicians, many of whom are unaware of its infrequent occurrence. The present study, focusing on the Indian population in Goa, reports an incidence of 1.2%, which is relatively high compared to other Indian studies. This data highlights the diversity in the occurrence of the supracondylar process across different ethnic and regional groups, suggesting possible genetic and environmental factors influencing its prevalence.
Article Type: Research |
Subject:
Basic medical sciences
References
1. Williams PL, Warwick R, Dyson M, Bannister LH, editors. In: Gray's Anatomy. 39th ed. Edinburgh London:Churchill Livingstone;2005. p.850. [View at Publisher] [Google Scholar]
2. Datta AK. Essentials of human anatomy. In: Superior and inferior extremity. 5th ed. Kolkata:Current Books International;2017. p.49. [View at Publisher] [Google Scholar]
3. Solieri SA. Nervalgia del nervo mediano da processo sopraepitrocleare. Chir Organi Mov. 1929;14:71. [Google Scholar]
4. Aydinlioglu A, Cirak B, Akpinar F, Tosun N, Dogan A. Bilateral median nerve compression at the level of Struthers' ligament. J Neurosurg. 2000;92(4):693-6. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
5. Talha H, Enon B, Chevalier JM, L'Hoste P, Pillet J. Brachial artery entrapment: compression by the supracondylar process. Ann Vasc Surg. 1987;1(4):479-82. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
6. Thompson JK, Edwards JD. Supracondylar Process of the Humerus Causing Brachial Artery Compression and Digital Embolization in a Fast-Pitch Softball Player: A Case Report. Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2005;39(5):445-8. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
7. Spinner RJ, Lins RE, Jacobson SR, Nunley JA. Fractures of the supracondylar process of the humerus. J Hand Surg Am. 1994;19(6):1038-41. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
8. Tiedmann F. Tabulae arterium corporis humani. Karlsruhe:Muller;1822. [View at Publisher] [Google Scholar]
9. Martin-Schütz GO, Arcoverde M, Barros GD, Babinski MA, Manaia JH, Silva CR, et al. A meta-analysis of the supracondylar process of the humerus with clinical and surgical applications to orthopedics. Int j morphol. 2019;37(1):43-8. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [Google Scholar]
10. Kessel L, Rang M. Supracondylar spur of the humerus. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1966;48(4):765-9. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
11. Shantharam V, Raghavendra R, Ganesh V. Study of incidence of the supracondylar spur of the humerus among south Indians. Medpulse Int J Anat. 2021;17(3):35-7. [View at Publisher] [DOI]
12. Gupta RK, Mehta CD. A study of the incidence of supracondylar process of the humerus. J Anat Soc. 2008;57(2):111-15. [Google Scholar]
13. Shivaleela C, Suresh BS, Kumar GV, Lakshmiprabha S. Morphological study of the supracondylar process of the humerus and its clinical implications. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(1):1-3. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
14. Baruah P, Choudhury PR, KL Talukdar. A study of supracondylar process of humerus. J Evol Med Dent Sci. 2012;1(5):817-22. [View at Publisher] [DOI]
15. Vandana R, Patil SP. Study of supracondylar process of humerus. Int J Health Allied Sci. 2014;3(2):134-6. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [Google Scholar]
16. Nikumbh RD, Nikumbh DB, Doshi MA, Ugadhe MN, et al. MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE SUPRACONDYLAR PROCESS OF THE HUMERUS WITH ITS CLINICAL UTILITY. Int J Anat Res. 2016;4(1):1941-4. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [Google Scholar]
17. Parkinson CE. The supracondyloid process. Radiology. 1954;62(4):556-8. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
18. Dellon AL. Musculotendinous variations about the medial humeral epicondyle. J Hand Surg Br. 1986;11(2):175-81. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
19. Oluyemi KA, Okwuonu UC, Adesanya OA, Akinola OB, Ofusori DA, Ukwenya VO, et al. Supracondylar and infratubercular processes observed in the humeri of Nigerians. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2007;6(21):2439-41. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [Google Scholar]
20. Natsis K. Supracondylar process of the humerus: Study on 375 Caucasian subjects in Cologne, Germany. Clin Anat. 2008;21(2):138-41. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
21. Kuchinka J, Kuder T, Szczurkowski A, Nowak E, Gliński W, Kwieciński J. Rare morphological variants of the bones: epicondylar processes, metopic suture and Wormian bones in XVIII century skeleton. Folia Morphol (Warsz).2020;79(1):162-7. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
22. Aragão JA, Prado MLDL, Sant'Anna Aragão IC, Sant'Anna Aragão FM, Reis FP, Mendonça DMFD. Case Report on a Supracondylar Process of the Humerus: Morphological and Morphometric analysis. Braz J Case Rep. 2024;4(4):50-6. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [Google Scholar]
23. May-Miller P, Robinson S, Sharma P, Shahane S. The Supracondylar Process: A Rare Case of Ulnar Nerve Entrapment and Literature Review. J Hand Microsurg. 2019;11(Suppl 1):S06-10. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
24. Mittal RL, Gupta BR. Median and ulnar-nerve palsy: an unusual presentation of the supracondylar process. Report of a case.J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1978;60(4):557-8. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PMID] [Google Scholar]
25. Airon D, Airon N, Jain P, Jain A, Airon A. Supracondylar Process of Humerus - Report of Two Cases. J Evol Med Dent Sci. 2022;11(7):710-1. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [Google Scholar]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).