Volume 5, Issue 2 (Journal of Clinical and Basic Research (JCBR) 2021)                   jcbr 2021, 5(2): 42-47 | Back to browse issues page


XML Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Saifi A, Taheri N S, Mansourian H R, Mansourian A R. Pharmacological Survey of Graves' Disease: A Mini Review. jcbr 2021; 5 (2) :42-47
URL: http://jcbr.goums.ac.ir/article-1-312-en.html
1- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
2- . Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
3- Department of Emergency, Hakim Jorjani Hospital, Gorgan, Iran
4- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran , azad_r_mansourian@yahoo.com
Abstract:   (5300 Views)

Thyroid hormones play a key role indevelopment of most metabolic disease. Toxic multi nodular goiter, toxic adenoma and thyroid autoimmunity are the most common causes of thyrotoxicosis. Graves’ diseaseis an autoimmune thyroid disorder characterized by production of autoantibodies against thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor on the thyroid gland.G raves’ disease-related thyrotoxicosis can be controlled either through medication or surgical and radiotherapy interventions. There are few options for the prevention of thyroid hormones overproduction including antithyroid drugs such as methimazole and propylthiouracil, carbimazole, radioactive iodine as well as thyroidectomy. In this study, the latest pharmacological information on treatment of Graves' disease are reviewed.

Full-Text [PDF 486 kb]   (844 Downloads)    
Article Type: Review | Subject: Basic medical sciences

References
1. Mansourian, A.R.,.Central dogma in thyroid dysfunction: A review on structure modification of TSHR as a cornerstone for thyroid abnormalities. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 2011, 14: 170-181. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
2. Mansourian, AR.A review on hyperthyroidism: Thyrotoxicosis under surveillance. Pak. J. Biol. Sci.2010,13: 1066-1076. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
3. Mansourian AR..The immune system which adversely alter thyroid functions: A review on the concept of autoimmunity. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 2010. 13: 765-774. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
4. L. Liu, H. Lu, Y. Liu, C. Liu, and C. Xun, "Predicting relapse of Graves' disease following treatment with antithyroid drugs," Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 2016,. 11, (4), 1443-1458. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
5. Hegedüs L. Treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism: evidence-based and emerging modalities. EndocrinolMetabClin N Am. 2009;38:355-371. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
6. Cooper DS. Antithyroid drugs. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:905-917. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
7. De Leo. S, leeS. Y, L.Braverman E., "Hyperthyroidism," Lancet, vol.2016, 388. 10047,906-918. [DOI] [PubMed]
8. Jacqueline Jonklaas, Antonio C. Bianco, Andrew J. Bauer, Kenneth D. Burman, Anne R. Cappola, Francesco S. Celi, David S. Cooper, Brian W. Kim, Robin P. Peeters, M. Sara Rosenthal, Anna M. Sawka. Guidelines for the Treatment of Hypothyroidism: Prepared by the American Thyroid Association Task Force on Thyroid Hormone Replacement Thyroid. 2014 ; 24(12): 1670-1751. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
9. Cooper DS.Antithyroid drugs in the management of patients with Graves' disease: an evidence-based approach to therapeutic controversies.JClinEndocrinolMetab. 2003;88(8): 3474-3481 [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
10. Sundaresh V, Brito JP, Wang Z, et al. Comparative effectiveness of therapies for Graves' hyperthyroidism: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.JClinEndocrinolMetab. 2013;98(9): 3671-3677. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
11. Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Thyroid. 2011;21(6):593-646 [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
12. MaC., XieJ.,Wang H., LiJ.,Chen S., "Radioiodine therapy versus antithyroid medications for Graves' disease," Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016 .vol. 2, article CD010094,. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
13. CooperD S. "Antithyroid drugs," The New England Journal of Medicine, 2005. 352, ( 9), pp.905-917. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
14. 14 -VosX. G., EndertE.,ZwindermanA. H.,Tijssen J. G.,Wiersinga W. M., "Predicting the risk of recurrence before the start of antithyroid drug therapy in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism," 2016,The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 101, 4, 1381-1389. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
15. De Leo. S, leeS. Y, L.Braverman E., "Hyperthyroidism," Lancet, vol.2016, 388. 10047,906-918. [DOI] [PubMed]
16. Garcia-Mayor R.Paramo V., C., R.Luna Cano, et al "Antithyroid drug and Graves' hyperthyroidism. Significance of treatment duration and TRAb determination on lasting remission," Journal of Endocrinological Investigation,1992 . 15,(11), 815-820. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
17. Laurberg P. Remission of Graves' disease during antithyroid drug therapy: time to reconsider the mechanism? Eur J Endocrinol. 2006;155(6):783-786. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
18. Weetman A. P.,RatanachaiyavongS.,Middleton G. W. Middleton, "Prediction of outcome in Graves' disease after carbimazole treatment," Quarterly Journal of Medicine,1986,. 59, 228, 409-419. [View at Publisher] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
19. Nakamura.H., Noh J. Y.,Itoh et al., "Comparison of methimazole and propylthiouracil in patients with hyperthyroidism caused by graves' disease," The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2007. 92, ( 6),2157-2162. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
20. HeC.T.,.HsiehA.Pei T, D. et al., "Comparison of single daily dose of methimazole and propylthiouracil in the treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism," Clinical Endocrinology, 2004. 60, ( 6). 676-681. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
21. PeixotoM. C.,Buescu A.,Gonçalves M. R. B., et al. "Antithyroid drugs for the treatment of Graves disease: a randomized clinical trial," Endocrinologist, 2006. 16, 6. 344-348. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [Google Scholar]
22. Obiols AlfonsoMesa Manteca SimoCanongeG., J., R.et al, "Effect of carbimazole and dexamethasone on the TSH bond (TBII) inhibiting immunoglobulins in Graves-Basedow disease," RevistaClínica Española,1988. 183. (8), 401-404. [View at Publisher] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
23. L. Chen, H. Q. Wang, Y. Y. Gao et al., "Comparison of methimazole/hydrocortisone ointment with oral methimazole in patients with Graves disease: a prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, 18-month study,", Current Therapeutic Research, Clinical and Experimental, 2008( 4), 305-317. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
24. LiuL., Lu H., Liu Y., Liu C.,Xun C., "Predicting relapse of Graves' disease following treatment with antithyroid drugs," , Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine,2016, 11, (4), 1443-1458 [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
25. Allannic H., R.Fauchet,Orgiazzi J. et al., "Antithyroid drugs and Graves' disease: a prospective randomized evaluation of the efficacy of treatment duration," Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism,1990 . 70, 3, 675-679. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
26. Weetman A. P.,RatanachaiyavongS.,Middleton G. W. Middleton, "Prediction of outcome in Graves' disease after carbimazole treatment," Quarterly Journal of Medicine,1986,. 59, 228, 409-419. [View at Publisher] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
27. Nakamura.H., Noh J. Y.,Itoh et al., "Comparison of methimazole and propylthiouracil in patients with hyperthyroidism caused by graves' disease," The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2007. 92, ( 6),2157-2162. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
28. HeC.T.,.HsiehA.Pei T, D. et al., "Comparison of single daily dose of methimazole and propylthiouracil in the treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism," Clinical Endocrinology, 2004. 60, ( 6). 676-681. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
29. PeixotoM. C.,Buescu A.,Gonçalves M. R. B., et al. "Antithyroid drugs for the treatment of Graves disease: a randomized clinical trial," Endocrinologist, 2006. 16, 6. 344-348. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [Google Scholar]
30. Obiols AlfonsoMesa Manteca SimoCanongeG., J., R.et al, "Effect of carbimazole and dexamethasone on the TSH bond (TBII) inhibiting immunoglobulins in Graves-Basedow disease," RevistaClínica Española,1988. 183. (8), 401-404. [View at Publisher] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
31. L. Chen, H. Q. Wang, Y. Y. Gao et al., "Comparison of methimazole/hydrocortisone ointment with oral methimazole in patients with Graves disease: a prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, 18-month study,", Current Therapeutic Research, Clinical and Experimental, 2008( 4), 305-317 [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
32. Kubota S., H.Ohye,. Nishihara E et al., "Effect of high dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral prednisolone administration on the production of anti-TSH receptor antibodies and clinical outcome in Graves' disease," Endocrine Journal, 2005, 52, (6) 735-741. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
33. D. El Fassi, C. H. Nielsen, S. J. Bonnema, H. C. Hasselbalch, and L. Hegedus, "B lymphocyte depletion with the monoclonal antibody rituximab in Graves' disease: a controlled pilot study," The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2007, 92, (5), 1769-1772. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
34. Huszno B.,Trofimiuk M.,Golkowski F., et al, "Assessment of early immunosuppressive therapy in the prevention of complications of Graves' disease," 2004, PrzegladLekarski, . 61,(8).868-871. [View at Publisher] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
35. StrujaT.,Guebelin L.,Kutz A., et al, "Does imunosuppressive therapy improve outcomes in Graves' disease?A systematic review and meta-analysis," Thyroid,2016, 26, ( 5), 634-640, [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
36. Carle A,Pedersen., I. B.,Knudsen N. et al., "Epidemiology of subtypes of hyperthyroidism in Denmark: a population-based study," European Journal of Endocrinology, 2011,164, ( 5), 801-809. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
37. Sundaresh V, Brito JP, Wang Z, et al. Comparative effectiveness of therapies for Graves' hyperthyroidism: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.JClinEndocrinolMetab. 2013;98(9): 3671-3677. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
38. LiuL., Lu H., Liu Y., Liu C.,Xun C., "Predicting relapse of Graves' disease following treatment with antithyroid drugs," , Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine,2016, 11, (4), 1443-1458. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
39. Yamada T.,Aizawa T., Koizumi Y., et al, "Age-related therapeutic response to antithyroid drug in patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease,"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,1994, 42,( 5) 513-516. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
40. Allahabadia A.,Daykin J., . Holder R. L, t al "Age and gender predict the outcome of treatment for Graves' hyperthyroidism," The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism,2000, 85, (3) 1038-1042. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
41. GerenovaZ.andVulkovY., "Clinical significance of serum T3/T4 ratio in the course of antithyroid drug therapy in Graves' disease patients,", Bulletin Médical,2000, 8, (2), 11-13.
42. Gerenova J., TzvetanovaI.,Valkov J., TzonevaV., "Changes in serum levels of free T3 and free T4 and ratio FT3/FT4 during treatment of Graves' disease with methimazole,"Bulgarian Medicine,2000, 8, (6), 9-11. [Google Scholar]
43. KhannaC.M.,Shankar L. R.,Jaggi C. B., et al, "Predictor of outcome of hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease: serum triiodothyronine/thyroxineratio,"The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India,1996, 44, (2) 98-101. [View at Publisher] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
44. Burch HB, BurmanKD, Cooper DSA. A 2011 survey of clinical practice patterns in the management of Graves' disease.JClinEndocrinolMetab. 2012;97(12):4549-4558. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
45. Vita R.,Lapa D.,Trimarchi F., BenvengaS., "Stress triggers the onset and the recurrences of hyperthyroidism in patients with Graves' disease," Endocrine, 2015, 48, ( 1), 254-263, [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
46. Chiovato L.,Marino M., PerugiG. et al., "Chronic recurrent stress due to panic disorder does not precipitate Graves' disease," Journal of Endocrinological Investigation,1998 ,21, 11 758-764. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
47. SimoCanongeG.,EffraimidisJ.Tijssen G, et al "Involvement of stress in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease: a prospective study," Psychoneuroendocrinology.2012, 37(8),1191-1198,. [View at Publisher] [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2024 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Journal of Clinical and Basic Research

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).