en علوم پایه پزشکی Basic medical sciences گزارش مورد Case report <p>&nbsp;</p> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b>Background:</b> The anatomical arrangement of the structures in and around the gastrocnemius has clinical significance, particularly in understanding surgical and pathological conditions involving the popliteal fossa.<br> <b>Case Description: </b>The present case was reported during the routine dissection of the popliteal fossa in a 50-year-old male cadaver. An extra head of the gastrocnemius was observed on the right popliteal fossa. This additional head extended across the fossa from the lateral to the medial side. Further exploration of the contents of the fossa revealed a very low division of the sciatic nerve. The neurovascular bundle, including the popliteal artery, popliteal vein, and tibial nerve, was found entrapped between the medial head and the third head of the gastrocnemius.<br> <b>Conclusion</b>: Since the literature has recorded very few cases of third head gastrocnemius and popliteal artery entrapment syndromes, this study may help increase awareness of the anatomical variations of the gastrocnemius and the related structures involved.</span></span></div> Popliteal Artery, Muscle, Skeletal, Neurovascular entrapment 17 18 http://jcbr.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-291-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Anitha Nancy ancyjean2010@gmail.com 10031947532846005851 10031947532846005851 Yes Arunai Medical College and Hospital, Velu Nagar, Thenmathur, Tiruvannamalai - 606603 Rajesh Raveendra rajesh2361@gmail.com 10031947532846005852 10031947532846005852 No Autonomous State Medical College, Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India Dhivya Mohan Sumathi dhivyambbsms@gmail.com 10031947532846005853 10031947532846005853 No Arunai Medical College and Hospital, Velu Nagar, Thenmathur, Tiruvannamalai – 606603